This is just an idea to think about. I was really inspired from this work available online: https://bioresourcesbioprocessing.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40643-022-00532-4
Abstract:
The increasing global problem of plastic waste accumulation has necessitated the development of innovative and sustainable methods for waste management. This study explores the potential use of saprotrophic fungi for the decomposition of plastic waste and its subsequent application in the construction of sustainable housing. We have identified several fungal species, including Aspergillus spp., Penicillium griseofulvum, Bjerkandera adusta, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Cladosporium cladosporioides, and various Pleurotus species, with the ability to degrade plastic waste. The decomposition of plastic waste by these fungi can be employed as a sustainable and eco-friendly solution to waste management while also generating valuable materials for the construction of environmentally friendly housing.
- Introduction
The rapid growth of plastic waste has become a significant environmental concern due to its non-biodegradable nature, causing detrimental impacts on ecosystems and human health. Current waste management strategies, such as recycling, incineration, and landfill disposal, are inadequate in addressing this global issue. A novel approach is needed to convert plastic waste into usable materials that can benefit society, such as in the construction of sustainable housing. Saprotrophic fungi possess unique metabolic capabilities to decompose complex organic compounds, offering a promising solution for plastic waste management.
- Fungal degradation of plastic waste
Saprotrophic fungi can break down various forms of plastic waste, including polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polystyrene, through enzymatic processes such as oxidation and hydrolysis. These fungi produce extracellular enzymes, including ligninolytic enzymes (laccases, manganese peroxidases, and lignin peroxidases), esterases, and cutinases, which can break down plastic polymers into smaller molecules. The process of biodegradation by fungi is highly dependent on factors such as fungal species, environmental conditions, and the type of plastic being decomposed.
- Potential applications in sustainable housing
The use of fungal decomposition of plastic waste offers a unique opportunity for the development of sustainable housing materials. Mycelium, the vegetative part of fungi, can be grown on plastic waste, effectively converting it into a durable and eco-friendly construction material. The resulting mycelium-based composite materials exhibit properties such as high tensile strength, excellent thermal insulation, and resistance to water and fire. These characteristics make them suitable for various applications in sustainable housing, such as wall panels, insulation, and load-bearing structures.
- Challenges and future perspectives
Despite the promising potential of fungal decomposition of plastic waste for sustainable housing, several challenges need to be addressed. The scalability and efficiency of fungal biodegradation processes must be improved to meet the growing demand for sustainable housing materials. Additionally, the development of standardized testing methods and quality control measures for mycelium-based materials is crucial to ensure their suitability and safety in construction. Further research is necessary to optimize the selection of fungal species, tailor the decomposition process, and explore novel applications of mycelium-based materials in sustainable housing.
- Conclusion
The use of saprotrophic fungi to decompose plastic waste offers a promising and eco-friendly solution to address the global plastic waste problem. The application of this innovative approach in the construction of sustainable housing not only helps manage plastic waste but also contributes to reducing the environmental footprint of the building sector. Further research and development in this field have the potential to revolutionize waste management and sustainable construction practices, significantly benefiting both the environment and society.